• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    An articulated self-propelled combine has front and rear units pivotally connected together for articulation about a vertical axis, the front and rear units being respectively supported on front and rear pairs of wheels. A harvesting header is carried by the front unit and feeds a fore and aft rotary separator, the combine engine and operator's station being mounted on the front unit on opposite sides of the separator. The separated grain is transferred across the axis of articulation to a cleaning mechanism on the rear unit, the cleaned grain being conveyed to a large grain tank disposed above the cleaning unit and spanning the width and length of the rear unit. The rear unit is also capable of oscillating relative to the front unit about a fore and aft axis, self-levelling means being provided for the rear wheels to maintain the cleaner is a generally level condition.
    公开号:SU921447A3
    申请号:SU802920345
    申请日:1980-03-14
    公开日:1982-04-15
    发明作者:Вильгельм Ридингер Франц
    申请人:Диир Энд Компани (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) SA COMBINE
    I
    The invention relates to a separate machine building industry, in particular: to self-propelled combines for harvesting grain.
    A self-propelled combine containing a frame supported on two main impellers, of which at least one axis is connected to an internal combustion engine, mounted on a frame a driver's cab, header, axial MO power unit and separate unit, a device cleaned grain, bunker transporting and unloading devices 1.
    However, the known combine is not compact enough and has a small bunker capacity. V
    The purpose of the invention is to increase the compactness and increase the capacity of the bunker,; This goal is achieved by the fact that the frame consists of front and rear frame units, with the above-mentioned frame units installed, can be rotated around the vertical axis by means of a pivoting device, other than the header, the threshing cabin and separate unit, and one of the axes - sneeze dog placed on the front frame assembly, and the bunker and other axis of the impellers 5 wheels on the rear frame assembly, and between the front and rear frame assemblies there is a device for transmitting the assembled product, while the internal combustion engine Located on the front
    About the frame unit, and the device for transferring the collected product connects the retaining unit and the separating device to the grain cleaning device, which is located under the bunker. Threshing and
    15, the separating device is placed in the middle part of the front frame assembly in the axial direction, the cleaning device is equipped with a post-threshing device, connected by means of a conveyor to the loading side of the cleaning device, and the rotary device has a bearing. the lower hinge of which contains an earring attached to the front frame assembly
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    25 and tgu, interconnected by means of a vertical pivot pin, with the tg being pivotally connected to a leash fixed on the rear frame assembly with the possibility of pivoting the pin around its longitudinal axis, and the hinge upper hinge contains a longitudinal link connected to the front and rear frame knots by means of a ball joint, while the rear frame assembly is provided with a device to compensate for. clone.  An axial threshing and separation device is located between the cabin and the internal combustion engine.  The combine is equipped with a main gearbox, which has a first output shaft to drive the threshing and separation device parallel to the axis of this device, as well as a second output shaft that is pivotally connected to the drive of the impellers of the front frame assembly.  The side walls of the bunker are in line with the vertical, bounding planes of the combine, the back wall of the bunker is located in line with the rear bounding plane of the combine, and the front cTeHKia is placed in line with the outlet end of the threshing and separating device.  The combine is equipped with an actuating device controlled from the steering mechanism of the driver’s cabin placed between the frame units.  The hitch has a double shoulder rocker connected to the front frame assembly M through verti-,.  a pair of cross pins, and a pair of cross-links, one ends of which are connected to the rear frame assembly by means of vertical pivots, and others - to the rocker arms by means of vertical pivots. .  The hitch is equipped with a lever that is connected to the front and rear frame assembly by means of vertical swing axes.  The combine is equipped with an additional drive shaft and an additional box ne schematically indicated in FIG.  1, of the front and rear frame units, tangen at the front end of the chamber, take the additional shaft in contact with the PC-driver 11 and remove the grain from the floor from the new gearbox using a well-known method.  Camera self-guiding.  ball joints. The body feeds the grain to the front end of the hopper of FIG.  1 depicts a self-propelled kom-tornoy m. opilki 9.  As shown in the bayne, side view; in fig.  2 - the same, but.  5, the front structure of the frame 3, including some parts of the combine, are removed to support 12 to the lower elevarcous part of the drive system, parts of the hinge element that hang from the frame members are indicated by dotted pi-supports 8 of the thresher, and on the lower support; in fig.  3 - the same, top view of the bottom of the hinge element fixed oporhedera and cameras; in fig.  4 - tank under.  n structure 13 axis connected. .  grain, section A-A in FIG.  3; see  5th frame combine side view; in fig.  6 is a front view of the frame structure, side view, section BB in FIG.  five; in fig.  7 - the second top view of the design of the upper part of the coupling; in fig.  8 - self-propelled combine, rear view; in fig.  9 lower part of the hitch, top view; in fig.  10 shows schematically a horizontal projection of a mechanism for transferring grain from the thresher to a cleaning device; in fig.  11 - drive mechanisms dp various parts of the combine.  The self-propelled combine has hinged front and rear nodes 1 and 2, which rotate relative to each other around a vertical axis to control the Combine.  Front node 1 (FIG.  5 and 6) includes the front frame design 3, the rear tie 2 includes the rear frame design 4.  The front frame structure lies on the transverse front drive wheels 5, and the rear frame structure is held by a pair of rear cages 6, which sped behind the front wheels.  Front and rear frame designs.  3 and 4 are connected by a hitch (vertical turning tool) 7.  The front structure of the frame 3 includes a horizontal, slightly tilted up and back support for the thresher, which holds the rotary thresher 9 with axial flow.  These threshers usually have a cylindrical body and a rotor, which is axially located inside the body.  The grain material is introduced into the front end of the thresher and spirals between the rotor and the body, which is formed, at least in part, by gratings that allow radial output of the threshed and separated grain, while straw and other waste are pushed out of the threshing grinder, after separating the grain from the straw.  Cleaning header 1O, which is only in the usual way with the axle of the front fishes 5.  The front frame design also includes a support for the upper hinge element, which is fixed to the hammer support 8 and located above the rotor thresher 9.  The front frame of the frame 3 also includes a 14 dp engine support, runs from the right side of the straw thimbler and carries the usual internal combustion engine 15 mounted to the right of the front node 1 in the longitudinal orientation.  The engine 15 is installed in the housing 16, having a discharge hole 17 with a pivoting screen facing the front of the combine to clean the air, which is used to cool the engine. On the left side of the paMbi front structure is the opoon structure 18 for the driver's cabin 19, which is located at.  the left front corner of the front of the combine above the left wheel by him wheel 5.  The rear frame structure 4 includes a pair of transversely typically arranged vertical side frames 20 connected by a plurality of transverse frame elements, including the lower front transverse element 21 and the upper front transverse element 22.  With the lower parts of the respective side frames 20, a pair of levers 23 for supporting the rock levers are rotatably connected, which no morely rotate in a vertical arc around the transverse axis of rotation 24.  The hydraulic cylinder 25 connects each lever with a corresponding side frame for adjusting the position of the lever and, accordingly, the position of the rear wheel 6 mounted on the rear end of the lever relative to the rear frame structure 4.  The control system with self-explanatory interaction (not shown) interacts.  with each cylinder 25 and 26, and maintains the rear part 2 of the combine, usually at a level around the longitudinal axis at least. on moderate slopes.  .  The hitch (swivel or articulated joint) 7 between the front and rear structures 3 and 4 of the frame includes the lower element of the hinge 27, which has a 1 bar 28, mounted on a support 12, and a leash 29 connected to the bar 28 by means of a vertical rotary pin 30, thus, the element (rim) 2O can rotate freely relative to the element (earring), 28 around the vertical axis and can also bend to a limited extent around the transverse axis.  As shown in FIG.  9, the lead 2i9 is provided with an open rear coupling with a female thread, which includes a front thread 31 ci, with the rear horses of the driver 31 connected to the transverse element 21 of the rear frame structure 4.  The leash 31 does not fully tighten in the element 29, thus the leash 31 rotates freely relative to the element 29 about the longitudinal axis to a limited extent.  A pair of control cylinders 32 connect the rear end of the element 29 with the front frame structure 4 on opposite sides of the hinge, so that during the stroke of the cylinder 32 and the other cylinder of the rear frame structure is rotated relative to the front frame structure around the hinge pin.  Sp  A control system similar to that used on conventional hinged-connected tractors can be used for steering. neither cylinders 32.  A combine is connected to a hydraulic pump (not shown) to create the necessary hydraulic force to perform various functions on the combine.  The hitch 7 also contains an upper element 33, which usually includes longitudinal link 34, in front of the scientific research institute the end of which is connected to the support 35 of the upper element 33 by means of a ball joint 36, and the rear end is connected to the rear transverse element of the frame 22 by a spherical joint 37 .  . The ball joint 36 is generally vertically centered with the lower hinge element (pin) 30, so if the rear frame construction 4 oscillates relative to the front frame structure around the longitudinal axis of the coupling coupling to the leash on the lower hinge element, the rear ball joint 37 rotates in a circle about the axis of the front ball joint 36 of the upper hinge element.  Such a pivotal movement reduces the distance between the upper-. .  The front frame to the rear horse of the frame is caused by them, causing a slight deflection or lowering of the central part of the combine between the front and rear wheels around the transverse axis of the lower hinge element 27.  Another variant of the coupling (upper hinge 33) is shown in FIG.  7  This hinge element prevents bending during the oscillatory movement of the rear uzp relative to the front uzp.  A pivot joint typically includes a transverse lever 38 pivotally connected to the front frame structure by means of a vertical pin 39 between opposite ends of the lever arm.  A pair of cross-links (links) 40 and 41 have rear ends connected to parts of the rear frame structure by means of vertical pins 42 and 43, and front ends connected respectively to opposite ends of the lever (two shoulder arms) 38 by means of vertical pins 44 and 45.  When the upper part of the front frame structure is mixed transversely relative to the upper part of the rear frame structure during oscillatory movement around the longitudinal axis of the lower hinge member 27, the links 40 and 41 are rotated to the positions indicated by the dotted lines in FIG.  7, thus, one end of the lever 38 is turned forward and the opposite end is turned back.  However, the net effect of such a pivotal movement in the center of the lever 38 is zero movement in the longitudinal direction so the kingpin 39 remains at the same distance from the rear frame structure.  Since the kingpin 39 connects to the top of the front frame member, the compensating linkage mechanism maintains a constant distance between the upper ends of the front and rear frame members regardless of the oscillatory movement of the rear assembly relative to the front assembly, thus eliminating the possibility of any longitudinal bending rrmy elements.  A large grain hopper 46, which contains right and left side walls 47 and 48, is mounted on opposite rear side frames 20, usually a vertical rear wall 49 and in front of the new wall 5O, the lower part of which is located at the back, forming a gap for installing the rear end of the thresher with a solo motor and engine.  The grain hopper usually has a horizontal bottom 51, provided with a plurality of grooves 52 arranged side by side in parallel (FIG.  3 and 4).  In each groove there is a longitudinal auger 53, which moves the grain back along the bottom to the transverse auger 54, passage w, to it across the width of the grain bin in groove 55 at the rear edge of the hopper.  The vertical unloading screw 56 passes upwards from the outlet end of the screw 54, feeding the grain to the vertical screw 56, including the conventional screw pipe, and to the horizontal unloading screw 57.  The discharge screw 57 can rotate around the axis of the vertical screw 56 from the non-working position in which it is located in the longitudinal groove 58 along the upper left side of the hopper under the grain and the unloading position in which the outer free end of the screw is outside or behind the combine to unload the grain from the hopper in a truck in a known way.  A cleaning device 59 is installed on the rear structure of the frame 4 immediately below the bottom of the grain bin.  The cleaning device has a conventional design. and contains a blower 6O and conventional straw cutters and sieves 61.  Grain and other material falling through the straw grids are transferred to the cleaning device 59 with the aid of the transfer device 62.  Transmitting device (FIG.  10) contains a belt separator 63, located just below the straw trellis grates and having a backward moving upper belt, through which grain is transported, fed through the straw grates into the body of the rotor impeller 64, Conveyor 63 and Imieller 64 are mounted on the front frame member and driven in motion in the direction of the arrows (FIG.  ten).  The impeller 64 has a tangentially and rearward discharge chute 65, which is flexible enough to achieve a maximum degree of articulation between the front and rear parts of the combine, with the rear end of the discharge chute 65 connected to the rear frame member.  The impeller unloads grain from the rear end of the chute 65 to the cross conveyor belt 66 on the rear frame structure.  Conveyor 66 has a transversely moving upper belt.  From the rear end of the discharge chute, a plurality of deflecting vanes 67 are passed immediately above the upper belt of the conveyor 66, which move the material back to the upper surface of the conveyor while the conveyor is moving in the transverse direction in this way.  99 a relatively uniform flow of material falls from the rear edge of the conveyor to the top of the cleaning device.  The air flow from the blower passes through the material downward through the cleaning device and the waste and other waste through the outlet 68 located behind the combine, while the heavy cleaned grain falls through the cleaning device and is transmitted to the collector for clean grain, which is made in the form of a cross screw.  The screw 69 transfers the cleaned grain in the transverse direction to the vertical screw 7O, loading the grain into the buncore.  The auger 70 runs up into the interior from the side of the combine.  Its top discharge end is located in the center of the grain bin on its upper edge. .  Non-threshed grain heads often fall through a cleaning device at its rear end. They are usually collected by a transverse auger 71 of the collector intended for collection. 1 lines.  Instead of transferring the waste back to the front end of the thresher with straw walkers $ Som, a small cylinder 72 is used to re-thresh the waste, Coaxially located at one end of the screw 71.  The threshed garbage is collected and returned through the conveyor 73, moving up and up and servicing the cross-auger 74, which transmits the second threshed garbage: And dumps them to the top of the cleaning unit.  Engine 15 is oriented in the longitudinal direction and has an output shaft 75 passing in the rear that provides input to the main gearbox 76 mounted on the front element jpa-am at the rear end of the engine.  The gearbox contains bevel gears, which are set in motion tilted upwards.  and back the output shaft 77, which runs parallel to the axis of the rotary thresher.  Transmission 76 has a lower output shaft 78, which is tilted down and forward. D. The output shaft 77 is equipped with a variable diameter cleaved pulley 79, which drives a similar variable diameter pin 80, located on the rear end of the Motilka rotor shaft, through a conventional belt (not shown), although the output speed of the engine is relative to 47 standing, rotor speed Can vary. .  The lower output shaft 78 is connected to the input of an additional gear box 81 on the rear side of the front axle via a drive shaft 82, which includes a pair of ball joints.  The gearbox & dacha has an output shaft 83 connected by an ic heder’s supply system, another output shaft 84 that drives the parts of the self-suppressor chamber and other details, such as a transmitting device, and a third master vap providing input to the.  transmission 85, which drives the front wheels of the combine.  The gearbox 81 is also connected to the rear gearbox 86, held on the rear frame member, extending from behind, with a driving vap 87, which is fitted with front and rear spherical joints and intersects the articulation axis.  All driven parts of the rear assembly are driven by a rear gearbox 86, which includes an output shaft for the blower drive mechanism 88, an output shaft and belt drive 89dl of the xjweier 66 and output shaft 90, and the corresponding belt drives dp auger collector to collect clean grain and 7 oh screw for firing the hopper with grain.  The cleaning device, the waste collector, the secondary threshing device and the conveyor are all driven by a belt drive 91 from the belt drive to the feed auger.  The nepe-i box, dachas 86 contains an output shaft 92, which is connected by a belt drive 93 to a transverse drive shaft 94 connected to the screws 53 in the grain tank by means of a series of conical gear sets 95.  Shaft 94 is connected to a vap 96 for a tank-grain unloading system through a belt drive 97, shaft 96 is connected to an auger shaft 54, which in turn is connected to a vertical screw 56 connected to a discharge screw 57.  Different actuators are shown schematically in FIG.  11, where line 98 separates the front and rear nodes of the combine, and drive shaft 87 passes through the axis of the joint.  During operation, the driver Yu clears the black from the floor when the machine moves and leaves it to the front end of the cameo self-suppressor 11, from where the grain sinks to the front end of the axial flow with the axial flow for holding the sweat and separating the grain.  The separated grain and other foreign material is fed to the conveyor 63, which transfers the material back to the impeller 64 to transfer the grain; the impeller 64 moves the material back through the articulated axis to the distribution conveyor 66, which conveys the material to the top of the cleaning device 59.  The cleaned grain fed through the cleaning device is collected by a screw. 69, which feeds grain to the 7O auger for loading into the hopper.  The grain hopper 46 is much larger than the hopper that is used on conventional machines.  This hopper occupies the entire top of the rear hub 2.  For example, for the machine shown here, the grain hopper has a capacity of 360 bushels, which is approximately twice the capacity of the hoppers on most of the available machines, even in comparison with those machines that are superior in capacity to the grain hopper.  Despite the large size of the grain tank, the harvester has a substantially lower profile than conventional machines.  The wheels are positioned so that the center of gravity of the front assembly passes over the front axle, while the center of gravity of a fully loaded rear axle is located directly above the axis of the rear wheels.  Since the center of gravity of the front and rear nodes is above the wheels, the hinge between these nodes should not carry a heavy load and may have a relatively light construction.  When the bunker is loaded with grain, the weight of the front assembly is approximately equal to the weight of the rear assembly. Thus, each of the four wheels carries approximately 25% of the total weight.  Due to the fact that the front and rear nodes have separate characteristics of stability, the machine is more stable.  For greater traction, the rear wheels 6 can be driven by means of an IcKoro hydrostatic drive, e.g. a hydrostatic drive for the rear fulcres which is used on conventional machines. The articulated design of the hubs provides faster controllability with a smaller steering radius, thus The harvester has good performance, especially when it comes to harvesting a variety of cereals.  The possibility of self-leveling of the rear node of the combine increases the productivity of the cleaning device when the machine is working on uneven soil.  As of t-7, the cleaning performance is known, and not the separation capacity of grain is a limiting factor in some. rotary machines with axial flow.  Since only the cleaning device is sensitive to tilting in such rotary combines, the exception to the feeling of cleaning the cleaning device to tilting means that the entire combine is no longer sensitive to slopes.  Self-alignment, together with a low profile and a low center of gravity of a hopper loaded with grain, makes it possible to obtain a more stable combine design.  In addition, the articulated structure and more stable characteristics allow parts to be placed in terms of volumetric efficiency and performance, rather than in terms of stability or weight distribution,.  The proposed placement of parts of the combine makes it possible to use a relatively simple drive system.  The detadas, which consume a lot of energy, are located all on the front node of the combine, and one drive shaft 87, which intersects the articulation axis, transmits a relatively nice part of the total energy of the engine 15, and most of the energy is consumed by the rotor of a complex thresher, driving mechanism and heder .  Consequently, the entire structure and arrangement of the parts allows to create a simple, highly efficient combine with increased stability and productivity.  Claim 1, a self-propelled combine containing a frame supported on two axes of workers; wheels, of which at least one axis is connected to an internal combustion engine mounted on the driver’s cab frame, header, axial threshing and separating device, grain cleaning device, bunker, transporting and unloading devices, which are the purpose of increasing the compactness of the combine and increasing the capacity of the bunker, the frame consists of front and rear frame units, with the above-mentioned frame units mounted for rotation around a vertical axis by means of a rotating device, The header, cab, threshing separator, and one of the axles of the impellers are located on the front frame, and the bunker and other axle of the working wheels are located on the rear frame unit, and the device for transferring the assembled product is placed between the front and rear frame frames.  
    [2]
    2. The combine according to claim 1, which is indicated by the fact that / the internal combustion engine is located on the front frame assembly,
    [3]
    3. Combine according to Claim 1, that is to say that the dp transfer device of the collected product connects the threshing and separating device with a grain cleaning device which is placed under the bunker.
    [4]
    4. Combine on PP. 1-3, which is based on the fact that the threshing and separating device is located in the middle part of the front pa d node, axially.
    [5]
    5. Kombayn on PP. 1-4, characterized in that the dp cleaning device is provided with a collet assembly device for subsequent feeding, connected by means of a conveyor to the loading side of the cleaning device.
    [6]
    6. Combine PP, 1-5, characterized in that the swiveling device has a hitch, the lower hinge of which contains a linkage fixed on the front frame knot and a pull connected to each other by means of a vertical swivel pin, while the ha is pivotally connected to the fixed on the rear frame assembly, the axle pivotally rotates the hinge around its longitudinal axis, and the skeleton's upper hinge contains a longitudinal link connected to the front and rear frame knots by means of a spherical joint, 7, Combine according to claim 1-6; and and with the fact that the rear frame unit is equipped with a device to compensate for the inclination, 8, Combine on PP, 1-7, about the fact that the axial hammer and separating device is placed between the cab and the engine of internal combustion, 9, Combine on PP, 1-8, characterized in that it is equipped with an axial 4714 gearbox, which has a first output shaft for driving a molotyping and separating device parallel to the axis of this device, as well as a second output shaft, which is pivotally connected to the drive of the impellers of the front frame assembly. 10. Kombayn on PP. 1-9, characterized in that the side walls of the bunker are aligned with the vertical bounding planes of the combine, the back wall of the bunker is aligned with the rear bounding plane of the combine, and the front wall is aligned with the outlet end of the threshing and separating device. 11. Combine on PP, 1-1О, about tl and h and y and with the fact that it is supplied placed between the frame knots controlled from the steering mechanism of the driver's cab with the actuating device, made in Step 11; roait1ndrov. 12. Combine on PP. 1-11, of tp and h ay 1a and the fact that the hitch has a two-arm rocker, connected to the frame assembly by means of a vertical pivot, and a pair of cross-links of their links, some of which are connected to the rear frame assembly by means of vertical pivots, and others - with the shoulders of the rocker by means of vertical pins. 13 Combine on PP, 1-11.0 tl and h and y and with the fact that the hitch is equipped with a lever that is connected to the front and rear frame assembly by means of vertical axes of swing, 14,. A combine harvester in accordance with Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is provided with an additional drive shaft and an additional gearbox of the front and rear frame units, the additional shaft being connected to the main gearbox by means of ball joints. Sources of information taken into account in the examination of 1, US Patent 3464419, CL, A 01 F 12/18, 1969,
    -T
    NM
    - - U II
    H
    No
     jj 1
    20 I FIG. 6 Fig.7
    66
    Faye.
     f Phi. eleven
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
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    CN2254265Y|1997-05-21|Knapsack semi-feeding combined harvesting machine for rice and wheat
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    WO2018179635A1|2018-10-04|Combine
    GB2024595A|1980-01-16|Axial flow combine harvester
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ATA141480A|1987-06-15|
    AU5466480A|1980-09-18|
    SE439231B|1985-06-10|
    DD149451A5|1981-07-15|
    DK151444C|1988-07-04|
    SE8001989L|1980-09-16|
    CA1108870A|1981-09-15|
    ES8102769A1|1981-02-16|
    AU524358B2|1982-09-09|
    NL8001455A|1980-09-17|
    FR2451154A1|1980-10-10|
    US4317326A|1982-03-02|
    MX150067A|1984-03-12|
    ES489589A0|1981-02-16|
    DE3006871C2|1982-06-03|
    ZA801508B|1981-10-28|
    RO81317B|1983-02-28|
    PL222636A1|1981-01-30|
    DK111180A|1980-09-16|
    BE882222A|1980-07-01|
    BR8001472A|1980-11-11|
    RO81317A|1983-02-15|
    IT1127402B|1986-05-21|
    DE3006871A1|1980-09-18|
    PL121383B1|1982-04-30|
    AR231481A1|1984-12-28|
    FR2451154B1|1985-03-15|
    JPS55124411A|1980-09-25|
    DK151444B|1987-12-07|
    IT8048165D0|1980-03-14|
    AT384708B|1987-12-28|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US06/020,863|US4317326A|1979-03-15|1979-03-15|Articulated combine|
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